Archivo de 9 Abril 2008
Las expresiones regulares son cadenas de caracteres que forman un patrón y expresan un texto más extenso, en PHP se pueden usar muchas funciones, estas son algunas:
preg_match ( http://php.net/preg_match )
preg_replace ( http://php.net/preg_replace )
preg_match_all ( http://php.net/preg_match_all )
ereg ( http://php.net/ereg )
eregi ( http://php.net/eregi )
ereg_replace ( http://php.net/ereg_replace )
eregi_replace ( http://php.net/eregi_replace )
Nota: las funciones que solo diferencian con un “i” es básicamente lo mismo, solo no hace la distinción de mayúsculas y minúsculas
Y algunas mas, para los primeros ejemplos usare preg_replace , para usar esta función se tienen que usar delimitadores, aquí usaremos slashes ( / ) es decir:
/ ( expresión ) / [modificadores]
después del segundo delimitador es posible añadir algunos modificadores (que en su momento veremos).
Ahora un ejemplo para que valla quedando mas claro, haremos nuestro patrón:
$patron = “/ca/”;
y el string que servirá para realizar la comparacion:
$string = “casa”;
ahora la comparativa:
<?php
if( preg_match($patron, $string)){
echo “Coincide”;
}
else{
echo “No coincide”;
}
?>
Tags: expresiones regulares, PHP, tutorial php
1 Comentario »
Escrito por: Luebsgrafic en html
Lista de los atributos de los elementos de html4
| Name |
Related Elements |
Type |
Default |
Depr. |
DTD |
Comment |
| abbr |
TD, TH |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
abbreviation for header cell |
| accept-charset |
FORM |
%Charsets; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
list of supported charsets |
| accept |
FORM, INPUT |
%ContentTypes; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
list of MIME types for file upload |
| accesskey |
A, AREA, BUTTON, INPUT, LABEL, LEGEND, TEXTAREA |
%Character; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
accessibility key character |
| action |
FORM |
%URI; |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
server-side form handler |
| align |
CAPTION |
%CAlign; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
relative to table |
| align |
APPLET, IFRAME, IMG, INPUT, OBJECT |
%IAlign; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
vertical or horizontal alignment |
| align |
LEGEND |
%LAlign; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
relative to fieldset |
| align |
TABLE |
%TAlign; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
table position relative to window |
| align |
HR |
(left | center | right) |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
|
| align |
DIV, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, P |
(left | center | right | justify) |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
align, text alignment |
| align |
COL, COLGROUP, TBODY, TD, TFOOT, TH, THEAD, TR |
(left | center | right | justify | char) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
|
| alink |
BODY |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
color of selected links |
| alt |
APPLET |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
short description |
| alt |
AREA, IMG |
%Text; |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
short description |
| alt |
INPUT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
short description |
| archive |
APPLET |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
comma-separated archive list |
| archive |
OBJECT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
space-separated list of URIs |
| axis |
TD, TH |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
comma-separated list of related headers |
| background |
BODY |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
texture tile for document background |
| bgcolor |
TABLE |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
background color for cells |
| bgcolor |
TR |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
background color for row |
| bgcolor |
TD, TH |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
cell background color |
| bgcolor |
BODY |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
document background color |
| border |
TABLE |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
controls frame width around table |
| border |
IMG, OBJECT |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
link border width |
| cellpadding |
TABLE |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
spacing within cells |
| cellspacing |
TABLE |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
spacing between cells |
| char |
COL, COLGROUP, TBODY, TD, TFOOT, TH, THEAD, TR |
%Character; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
alignment char, e.g. char=’:’ |
| charoff |
COL, COLGROUP, TBODY, TD, TFOOT, TH, THEAD, TR |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
offset for alignment char |
| charset |
A, LINK, SCRIPT |
%Charset; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
char encoding of linked resource |
| checked |
INPUT |
(checked) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for radio buttons and check boxes |
| cite |
BLOCKQUOTE, Q |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
URI for source document or msg |
| cite |
DEL, INS |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
info on reason for change |
| class |
All elements but BASE, BASEFONT, HEAD, HTML, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
space-separated list of classes |
| classid |
OBJECT |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
identifies an implementation |
| clear |
BR |
(left | all | right | none) |
none |
D |
L |
control of text flow |
| code |
APPLET |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
applet class file |
| codebase |
OBJECT |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
base URI for classid, data, archive |
| codebase |
APPLET |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
optional base URI for applet |
| codetype |
OBJECT |
%ContentType; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
content type for code |
| color |
BASEFONT, FONT |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
text color |
| cols |
FRAMESET |
%MultiLengths; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
list of lengths, default: 100% (1 col) |
| cols |
TEXTAREA |
NUMBER |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
|
| colspan |
TD, TH |
NUMBER |
1 |
|
|
number of cols spanned by cell |
| compact |
DIR, DL, MENU, OL, UL |
(compact) |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
reduced interitem spacing |
| content |
META |
CDATA |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
associated information |
| coords |
AREA |
%Coords; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
comma-separated list of lengths |
| coords |
A |
%Coords; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for use with client-side image maps |
| data |
OBJECT |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
reference to object’s data |
| datetime |
DEL, INS |
%Datetime; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
date and time of change |
| declare |
OBJECT |
(declare) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
declare but don’t instantiate flag |
| defer |
SCRIPT |
(defer) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
UA may defer execution of script |
| dir |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FRAME, FRAMESET, IFRAME, PARAM, SCRIPT |
(ltr | rtl) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
direction for weak/neutral text |
| dir |
BDO |
(ltr | rtl) |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
directionality |
| disabled |
BUTTON, INPUT, OPTGROUP, OPTION, SELECT, TEXTAREA |
(disabled) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
unavailable in this context |
| enctype |
FORM |
%ContentType; |
“application/x-www- form-urlencoded” |
|
|
|
| face |
BASEFONT, FONT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
comma-separated list of font names |
| for |
LABEL |
IDREF |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
matches field ID value |
| frame |
TABLE |
%TFrame; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
which parts of frame to render |
| frameborder |
FRAME, IFRAME |
(1 | 0) |
1 |
|
F |
request frame borders? |
| headers |
TD, TH |
IDREFS |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
list of id’s for header cells |
| height |
IFRAME |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
|
L |
frame height |
| height |
TD, TH |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
height for cell |
| height |
IMG, OBJECT |
%Length; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
override height |
| height |
APPLET |
%Length; |
#REQUIRED |
D |
L |
initial height |
| href |
A, AREA, LINK |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
URI for linked resource |
| href |
BASE |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
URI that acts as base URI |
| hreflang |
A, LINK |
%LanguageCode; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
language code |
| hspace |
APPLET, IMG, OBJECT |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
horizontal gutter |
| http-equiv |
META |
NAME |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
HTTP response header name |
| id |
All elements but BASE, HEAD, HTML, META, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
ID |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
document-wide unique id |
| ismap |
IMG, INPUT |
(ismap) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
use server-side image map |
| label |
OPTION |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for use in hierarchical menus |
| label |
OPTGROUP |
%Text; |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
for use in hierarchical menus |
| lang |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BR, FRAME, FRAMESET, IFRAME, PARAM, SCRIPT |
%LanguageCode; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
language code |
| language |
SCRIPT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
predefined script language name |
| link |
BODY |
%Color; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
color of links |
| longdesc |
IMG |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
link to long description (complements alt) |
| longdesc |
FRAME, IFRAME |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
link to long description (complements title) |
| marginheight |
FRAME, IFRAME |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
margin height in pixels |
| marginwidth |
FRAME, IFRAME |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
margin widths in pixels |
| maxlength |
INPUT |
NUMBER |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
max chars for text fields |
| media |
STYLE |
%MediaDesc; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
designed for use with these media |
| media |
LINK |
%MediaDesc; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for rendering on these media |
| method |
FORM |
(GET | POST) |
GET |
|
|
HTTP method used to submit the form |
| multiple |
SELECT |
(multiple) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
default is single selection |
| name |
BUTTON, TEXTAREA |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
|
| name |
APPLET |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
allows applets to find each other |
| name |
SELECT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
field name |
| name |
FORM |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
name of form for scripting |
| name |
FRAME, IFRAME |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
name of frame for targetting |
| name |
IMG |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
name of image for scripting |
| name |
A |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
named link end |
| name |
INPUT, OBJECT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
submit as part of form |
| name |
MAP |
CDATA |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
for reference by usemap |
| name |
PARAM |
CDATA |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
property name |
| name |
META |
NAME |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
metainformation name |
| nohref |
AREA |
(nohref) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
this region has no action |
| noresize |
FRAME |
(noresize) |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
allow users to resize frames? |
| noshade |
HR |
(noshade) |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
|
| nowrap |
TD, TH |
(nowrap) |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
suppress word wrap |
| object |
APPLET |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
serialized applet file |
| onblur |
A, AREA, BUTTON, INPUT, LABEL, SELECT, TEXTAREA |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the element lost the focus |
| onchange |
INPUT, SELECT, TEXTAREA |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the element value was changed |
| onclick |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer button was clicked |
| ondblclick |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer button was double clicked |
| onfocus |
A, AREA, BUTTON, INPUT, LABEL, SELECT, TEXTAREA |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the element got the focus |
| onkeydown |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a key was pressed down |
| onkeypress |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a key was pressed and released |
| onkeyup |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a key was released |
| onload |
FRAMESET |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
all the frames have been loaded |
| onload |
BODY |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the document has been loaded |
| onmousedown |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer button was pressed down |
| onmousemove |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer was moved within |
| onmouseout |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer was moved away |
| onmouseover |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer was moved onto |
| onmouseup |
All elements but APPLET, BASE, BASEFONT, BDO, BR, FONT, FRAME, FRAMESET, HEAD, HTML, IFRAME, ISINDEX, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
a pointer button was released |
| onreset |
FORM |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the form was reset |
| onselect |
INPUT, TEXTAREA |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
some text was selected |
| onsubmit |
FORM |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the form was submitted |
| onunload |
FRAMESET |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
all the frames have been removed |
| onunload |
BODY |
%Script; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
the document has been removed |
| profile |
HEAD |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
named dictionary of meta info |
| prompt |
ISINDEX |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
prompt message |
| readonly |
TEXTAREA |
(readonly) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
|
| readonly |
INPUT |
(readonly) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for text and passwd |
| rel |
A, LINK |
%LinkTypes; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
forward link types |
| rev |
A, LINK |
%LinkTypes; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
reverse link types |
| rows |
FRAMESET |
%MultiLengths; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
list of lengths, default: 100% (1 row) |
| rows |
TEXTAREA |
NUMBER |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
|
| rowspan |
TD, TH |
NUMBER |
1 |
|
|
number of rows spanned by cell |
| rules |
TABLE |
%TRules; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
rulings between rows and cols |
| scheme |
META |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
select form of content |
| scope |
TD, TH |
%Scope; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
scope covered by header cells |
| scrolling |
FRAME, IFRAME |
(yes | no | auto) |
auto |
|
F |
scrollbar or none |
| selected |
OPTION |
(selected) |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
|
| shape |
AREA |
%Shape; |
rect |
|
|
controls interpretation of coords |
| shape |
A |
%Shape; |
rect |
|
|
for use with client-side image maps |
| size |
HR |
%Pixels; |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
|
| size |
FONT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
[+|-]nn e.g. size=”+1″, size=”4″ |
| size |
INPUT |
CDATA |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
specific to each type of field |
| size |
BASEFONT |
CDATA |
#REQUIRED |
D |
L |
base font size for FONT elements |
| size |
SELECT |
NUMBER |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
rows visible |
| span |
COL |
NUMBER |
1 |
|
|
COL attributes affect N columns |
| span |
COLGROUP |
NUMBER |
1 |
|
|
default number of columns in group |
| src |
SCRIPT |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
URI for an external script |
| src |
INPUT |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
for fields with images |
| src |
FRAME, IFRAME |
%URI; |
#IMPLIED |
|
F |
source of frame content |
| src |
IMG |
%URI; |
#REQUIRED |
|
|
URI of image to embed |
| standby |
OBJECT |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
message to show while loading |
| start |
OL |
NUMBER |
#IMPLIED |
D |
L |
starting sequence number |
| style |
All elements but BASE, BASEFONT, HEAD, HTML, META, PARAM, SCRIPT, STYLE, TITLE |
%StyleSheet; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
associated style info |
| summary |
TABLE |
%Text; |
#IMPLIED |
|
|
purpose/structure for speech output |
| tabindex |
A, AREA, BUTTON, INPUT, OBJECT, SELECT, TEXTAREA |
| |